Computer hardware refers to the physical components of a computer system, including the processor, memory, storage, and input/output devices. These components work together to enable a computer to process, store, and transmit data, as well as interact with users.
There are a lot of components that make up a system. Here are a few key components you’ll learn about in our IT Career Program:
Central processing unit (CPU):
The processor, also known as the central processing unit (CPU), is the brain of the computer. It is responsible for executing instructions and performing calculations, and it is typically the most powerful and expensive component in a computer.
Memory:
Memory, or RAM, is used to store data that is being actively used by the processor. It is a volatile type of storage, meaning that it is wiped clean when the computer is turned off. Many people consider this a key-metric for how “fast” a computer will run.
Storage:
Storage, or hard drive, is used to store data and programs that are not currently in use. It is a non-volatile type of storage, meaning that it retains data even when the computer is turned off. In modern laptops we are starting to see a wholesale shift to SSDs, or solid-state drives. These are a faster, more reliable update to the traditional spinning hard-drives of the past.
Input/Output devices
Input/output devices are used to communicate with the computer and interact with it. Examples include keyboards, mice, and displays. The list of these devices also known as peripherals, is nearly endless.
The hardware that makes up a system defines the level at which that system operates. Most consumers and businesses but standard off the shelf models that are pre-configured with all the correct components. However, if you are building your own machine choosing the right components for your needs is an important consideration. Factors to consider include the size and shape of the end device, the type and speed of the processor, the amount of memory and storage needed, and the types of input/output devices that are required and for gaming, what type of graphics are needed.
Overall, understanding the different types of computer hardware and how they work together is essential for anyone who uses or works with computers.